Which of the following is not a PTSD symptom cluster?

• A. Intrusion symptoms
• B. Hallucinations
• C. Avoidance
• D. Negative alterations in cognitions and mood

Answer: (B)

PTSD symptom clusters in DSM-5 are four: intrusion, avoidance, negative alterations in cognitions and mood, and arousal and reactivity. Hallucinations are not part of these clusters; they are perceptual experiences without an external stimulus and are more typical of psychotic disorders or other conditions, so their presence would prompt evaluation for a different or comorbid diagnosis rather than a PTSD cluster. The intrusion cluster includes distressing memories, dreams, or flashbacks; avoidance involves steering clear of reminders of the trauma; negative alterations in cognitions and mood covers persistent negative beliefs and emotional states, detachment, and an inability to experience positive emotions. Therefore, hallucinations do not fit as a PTSD symptom cluster.